The process of labeling an individual as deviant which is usually performed in some type of a public setting in which the individual is found guilty, denounced, and given the new identity of deviant.

Degradation ceremony

Explanation:

The term degradation ceremony was first mentioned by Harold Garfinkel in his article on Conditions of Successful Degradation Ceremonies. It refers to the process in which a person who has violated norms, rules, or laws is publicly shamed, has their status lowered (within a certain group they belong to or society overall), or is punished by having their rights or privileges taken away, or access to the group or society restricted. Garfinkel considers this phenomenon to be present in all societies. Degradation ceremonies have always been present in the military, where soldiers can be stripped of rank, sometimes even publicly by removal of stripes from their uniform. Another example of a place where degradation ceremonies are carried out are law courts.

the correct answer is:

b. substitution property.

if the circle m is with inscribed ∠kjl and congruent radii jm and ml then m = ∠mjl = (kl) because of the substitution property.