Explain the four schedules of reinforcement: fixed-ratio, variable ratio, fixed interval, and variable interval.

1.) Fixed Ratio: Schedules occur when a response is reinforced only after a specific number of responses.
2.) Variable Ratio: This is the schedule where a response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses.
3.) Fixed Interval: Is where the response is rewarded only after a specified amount of time has elapsed.
4.) Variable Interval: Is a type of operant conditioning reinforcement schedule in which reinforcement is given to a response after specific amount of time has passed (an unpredictable amount of time), but this amount of time is on a changing/variable schedule.

The answer is choice b