Identify and explain at least two intellectual innovations in dar al-islam and what impact or effect they had as they were transferred to new regions throughout afro-eurasia from c. 1200 to c. 1450.

Answer is d. staying organized

               

Are there any answer choices or is this an open ended question

To solve this integral, what you can do is split it up as follows: (1) ∫40(x2−4)dx=∫40(x2)dx−∫40(4)dx. to integrate  4  as an  indefinite integral, a good rule of thumb is  by  an equation below  for  polynomials; . (2) ∫xa=xa+1a+1+c , where a is any number. c denotes some constant that is crucial when doing