The ungodly papists prefer the authority of the church far above god's word; a biasphemy abominable and not to be endured; void of all shame and piety, they spit in god's face.

from table talk, a transcription of the sayings of martin luther

the quote above reflects a diversification in beliefs concerning christianity that occurred as a result of the
1. reformation
2. growth of sufi practices
3. renaissance
4. columbian exchange