Onion roots are treated with a protein. The control group is compared to the treated group. The number of cells found at each phase of mitosis is determined. Calculate chi-square and explain what this means as it relates to the null hypothesis. Note the P-value at 0.5 = 3.84.

Interphase: (450 – 467)^2 = 289 /467 .618

Mitosis: (159 – 170)^2 = 121/170 = .711

Chi square = 1.329

The null hypothesis would be: if treated with the protein, the onion root remains the same. Based on the chi-square value of 1.329, this value is less than the critical value of 3.84. This means we can accept the null hypothesis. In other words, the untreated cells are no different from the treated cells regardless of which phase of mitosis you are viewing.

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