Read this excerpt from Holes. Their life was not easy. Elya worked hard, but bad luck seemed to follow him everywhere. He always seemed to be in the wrong place at the wrong time. . . .

After his barn was struck by lightning for the third time, he told Sarah about his broken promise to Madame Zeroni. “I’m worse than a pig thief,” he said. “You should leave me and find someone who isn’t cursed.”

Why does Sachar include this information in the flashback?

to show that Elya has nothing to do with the bad luck Stanley is experiencing
to show that Stanley needs to find Madame Zeroni in order to lift the curse
to show that the Yelnats’ curse is tied to Elya’s betrayal of Madame Zeroni
to show that Elya’s bad luck caused his wife to leave him for another man

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