Teachers are challenged to keep their students on task in regarding using their cellphones in class, and each teacher has a different philosophy about what should be done. Some teachers collect the phones in a container while others insist on them being off and put away. Still others have students use the phones in class. No matter the class, the desirable behavior is using phones appropriately and not being distracted, and staying on task with the class assignment. The undesired behavior is students being distracted by the phones and off task. Using each of the ideas below, describe what each concept is how a teacher could use each to either increase the desired behavior or decreased the undesired behavior. Positive reinforcement Positive punishment Negative reinforcement Negative punishment

Choose the description that best matches each word. write the correct letter in the blank. 1. ostinato a. large, extended composition for chorus and orchestra 2. atonality b. full orchestra 3. musicology c. festive, march-like opening to a play or “semi-opera” 4. concerto d. small group of solo instruments 5. minimalism e. music contrasting a full orchestra and solo instruments 6. art song f. music played under the action to influence the mood 7. strophic form g. a vocal song focusing on artistic expression 8. incidental h. each stanza of a poem is set to the same music 9. oratorio i. repeated musical pattern that provides unity to a piece 10. dissonance j. steady beat; simple harmonies; short, repetitive melody 11. concertino k. harsh, unstable sounding of pitches; harmonic tension 12. tutti l. all 12 tones of chromatic scale, no tonal center 13. entrada m. the historical and scientific study of music

And intervening opportunity is an example of

What impact does landscape management have on the world