Please Help! If you can’t give a explanation don’t answer-

Which of the following would most likely cause a large number of density independent deaths in a population

Hey guys! this is not for school. i my dog gave birth a week ago and we are celebrating them today so i decided to give out a ton of points, a tnx and brainiest to whoever answers the following questions. 1. did you have a good day today. 2. do you like dogs (its okay if you don’t) 3. if you were an animal, what animal would you be? (i am just curious. i would be a unicorn.)

Among the following environmental factors, which does not have a long-term impact on the composition of a region's soil? a. kinds of crops grown b. types of fungi present c. topography of the landscape d. variety of species of mammals e. number of freezes occurring annually