Government data show that 26% of the civilian labor force has at least 4 years of college and that 15% of the labor force works as laborers or operators of machines or vehicles. Can you conclude that because (0.26)(0.15) = .039 about 4% of the labor force are college-educated laborers or operators?

the answer to the question is punishment. or more specifically, positive punishment.

positive punishment occurs when a behavior is given a negative consequence for the individual doing the behavior.

sara no longer wants to ask questions (the behavior) because she is ridiculed by mr. smith (the punishment).

reinforcement is inaccurate because reinforcement always gives positive consequences for the individual doing the behavior, be it by introducing a pleasant consequence or removing an unpleasant one.