"One of the main historical impacts of improvements in transport infrastructure has been to make possible and to reduce the costs of long-distance trade and so make markets more integrated. . . . Transport activity and economic growth appear in the aggregate to be correlated, and assertions that improved mobility causes growth in the economy are common. This causality is important but difficult to prove. From a theoretical perspective, four relationships are possible: (i) changes in transport activity 'cause‘ changes in economic growth, meaning that travel is an essential component of and helps produce economic growth . . .; (ii) changes in economic growth 'cause‘ changes in transport activity, meaning that growth in the demand for travel depends on economic growth; (iii) the causality is bi-directional, meaning that each has an effect on the other; or (iv) there is no relationship, meaning that the fact that they have tended to grow in tandem does not imply that one causes the other (Ecola & Wachs, 2012).” –Contribution of Transport to Economic Development: International Literature Review with New Zealand Perspectives, New Zealand Ministry of Transport, 2014 A) Describe ONE piece of historical evidence dealing with transportation and commercial technology that developed from 1200 to 1450 CE that would support the first relationship described in the passage.

B) Explain ONE piece of historical evidence dealing with credit and money economies that developed from 1200 to 1450 CE that would support the second relationship described in the passage.

C) Explain ONE piece of historical evidence dealing with state interactions in the economy that developed from 1200 to 1450 CE that would support the fourth relationship described in the passage.