Where does aphorism occur in george orwell rhetorical devices​

Ineed an answer for this one (number 8)

Can someone make a thesis statement out of this? some historians have called the civil war and reconstruction period a “second american revolution.”

Dr. williams conducted a survey in the mall, measuring the shopping habits of people ages 15, 25, 35, 45, and 55, with 10 people in each group. which of the following best describes her study? an experiment a cross-sectional study a case study a longitudinal study a double-blind study