Advanced Placement (AP), 21.05.2021 05:20 Harriche

Which of the following best describes how imperial power shifted during the last half of the 19th century? Places like Africa became more industrialized and politically powerful as they developed economically under imperialistic policies.

Spain declined as a global power, while new players such as the United States emerged as global powers in Latin America and Asia.

Mass nationalism led Britain to focus on internal issues for improvement, and imperial power in general began to recede.

The resurgence of the Ottoman Empire forced Western powers to cope with new political realities.

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Answer from: Quest

To solve this integral, what you can do is split it up as follows: (1) ∫40(x2−4)dx=∫40(x2)dx−∫40(4)dx. to integrate 4 as an indefinite integral, a good rule of thumb is by an equation below for polynomials; . (2) ∫xa=xa+1a+1+c , where a is any number. c denotes some constant that is crucial when doing

Answer from: Quest

Answer: the interval on which the curve is concave up is (-∞, -1/2)====== $\displaystyle y = \int_{0}^x \frac{1}{1 + t + t^2} \; dt$ we find the interval where this curve is concave up by finding the interval in which the 2nd derivative is positive.differentiate the curve equation with respect to x $\begin{aligned} \frac{dy}{dx} & = \frac{d}{dx} \int_{0}^x \frac{1}{1 + t + t^2} \; dt \end{aligned}$ let the function f denote be the anti-derivative of the inside expression, i.e. a function such that $(d/dx)f(x) = 1/(1 + t + t^2)$ .then use the fundamental theorem of calculus: $\begin{aligned} \frac{dy}{dx} & = \frac{d}{dx} \int_{0}^x \frac{1}{1 + t + t^2} \; dt \\& = \frac{d}{dx} \big[ f(x) - f(0) \big] & & \text{\footnotesize apply ftc} \\ & = \frac{d}{dx}f(x) - 0 \\ & = \frac{1}{x + x + x^2} & & \text{\footnotesize since $\frac{d}{dx}f(x) = \frac{1}{1 + x + x^2}$ } \end{aligned}$ differentiate again to get second derivative. we can use chain rule with 1/x as the outside function and 1 + x + x² as the inside function $\begin{aligned} \frac{d}{dx} \left( \frac{dy}{dx} \right) & = \frac{d}{dx}\left(\frac{1}{1 + x + x^2} \right) \\ \frac{d^2y}{dx^2} & = \frac{-1}{\left(1 + x + x^2\right)^2} \cdot \tfrac{d}{dx}(1 + x + x^2) \\ & = \frac{-1}{\left(1 + x + x^2\right)^2} \cdot (1 + 2x) \\ & = \frac{-(1 + 2x)}{\left(1 + x + x^2\right)^2} \end{aligned}$ find critical numbers of the second derivative. these numbers are where the 2nd deriv. is undefined or zero.where the 2nd derivative is zero: set (d²y/dx²) to equal 0 and solve for x $\begin{aligned} 0 & = \frac{-(1 + 2x)}{\left(1 + x + x^2\right)^2} \\ 0 & = -(1+2x) \\ -1 & = 2x \\ x & = -1/2 \end{aligned}$ where the 2nd derivative is undefined: if the denominator is equal to zero, the derivative will be undefeined. attempting to solve the equation 1 + x + x² = 0results in a discriminant of $b^2 - 4ac = 1^2 - 4(1)(1) = -3$ meaning that the equal 1 + x + x² = 0 has no real solutions and therefore will never equal zero.======our only critical number is x = -1/2.this forms two intervals to test the sign for: (-∞, -1/2) and (-1/2, ∞)test values into the 2nd derivative for (-∞, -1/2)if we try x = -1, we get $\begin{aligned} \left.\frac{d^2y}{dx^2}\right|_{x = -1} & = \frac{-(1+2(-1))}{\left(1+(-1)+(-1)^2\right)^2} \\ & = \frac{-(1-2)}{1} \\ & = 1 \end{aligned}$ so the since the 2nd derivative of the curve is positive on the interval (-∞, -1/2), the curve is concave up on (-∞, -1/2)test values into the 2nd derivative for (-1/2, ∞)if we try x = 0, we get $\begin{aligned} \left.\frac{d^2y}{dx^2}\right|_{x = 0} & = \frac{-(1+2(0))}{\left(1+(0)+(0)^2\right)^2} \\ & = \frac{-(1)}{1} \\ & = -1 \end{aligned}$ so the since the 2nd derivative of the curve is positive on the interval (-∞, -1/2), the curve is concave down on (-∞, -1/2).the interval on which the curve is concave up is (-∞, -1/2)

Answer from: Quest

c. plumb line

explanation:

Answer from: Quest

answer:

explanation: