Mexican
Explanation:
This experiments were put in motion by the artists by the great movement of Muralism.
Mexican muralism is a pictorial movement initiated in the 1920s, as part of the modernization policies of the State of Mexico after the 1910 revolution.
It is a movement inspired by a purpose: to build a national identity to bring together the different sectors of Mexican society, given the deep social inequalities of the time, especially educational and cultural.
Mexican muralism followed a program to achieve the purposes of the revolutionary State: first, the valuation and recovery of history, the source of national identity, and, secondly, the recognition that the descendants of that history were still present in contemporaneity This would give not only themes and values to art, but a very particular aesthetic.
In the Mexican muralism two predominant techniques were used: the fresco and the encaustic.
The fresco is a pictorial technique that consists of painting on a wet layer of lime with mineral pigments dissolved in water. The lime drying process causes the pigments to agglutinate and fix, increasing their durability. This technique requires speed in execution, as it competes against the drying time, which is why it does not support repainting. Thus, those who use this technique are true masters of art.
In the encaustic technique, the binder material is hot wax mixed with pigments. It can be applied with a brush or an equally hot spatula. After applying, polish with very dry linen rags. It has been used since ancient times, especially on panel, but also in wall painting.
At first, the muralists apply elements of the western avant-garde, such as expressionism (especially José Clemente Orozco), futurism (David Alfaro Siqueiros) and synthetic cubism (Diego Rivera), but this cannot be considered as imitation. On the contrary, they eventually turned away from them.
The wall, moreover, guaranteed that art fulfilled its public purpose by not being collectible, dealing a blow against the elitist concept of the art market. Thus, the support chosen was consistent with the values of the triumphant revolution.
