{fill in the blank} toulouse-lautrec’s paintings centered on entertainment.

Popular entertainment

Explanation:  

Henri Toulouse or Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec was illustrator, painter, caricaturist in France who was famous because of representing the life in Paris in the 19th century.

He was best known for the Post-Impressionist period and back then in France, there were also famous Vincent van Gogh and Paul Cezanne.

i'm not sure i completely understand your question, but i will do my best.

i think the answer you are looking for is sequence. (see below)

a repeated melodic fragment would be best defined as repetition, while repeated chords (different or the same) could be a chord progression. however, you then mentioned the chord and melodic fragment beginning on higher or lower pitches, in that case, the answer could be best defined as a sequence. the definition of a sequence is as follows: "the restatement of a motif or longer melodic (or harmonic) passage at a higher or lower pitch in the same voice."

let me know if this !

your answer would be d.)