In music, which of the following intervals can be augmented?
m2
m7
octave
p4

m2, m7 and p4 can be augmented intervals as the 2nd note can be raised by a half step or a semitone.

an octave can not be augmented because otherwise it is no longer an octave if the second note is not the same note as the first

the answer is counterpoint.

counterpoint definition: "the art or technique of playing a melody or melodies in conjunction with another, according to fixed rules."

counterpoint is present in a lot of baroque music- such as bach (notably his wtc prelude and fugues) and scarlatti, but can also be found in music by mozart, beethoven. it can even be found in music as modern as john williams!