Need example of thematic transformation

For example, you could move all of the notes of the leitmotif up three semitones, or up four notes in that scale, or by a pitch interval of two. The point is that every note is changed in the same way, so the relationship between them is the same. The basic melody is still there, but it sounds different.

Explanation:

1492

columbus changes the shape of the world

ferdinand and isabella unite and create catholic spain

jews and moslems driven out of spain

lorenzo de medici dies

no one buying art and supporting city like before, his brother had been assassinated slightly before

florence to rome renaissance shift

east to west transition of church administration to the vatican