For major scales, the note names, when descending, are just the reverse of the ascending names true or false

nope becasue a mosque is a place where muslims pray to god, but the taj mahal was built by (forgive me) someone for his wife. i dont think anyone prays there. also a mosque is for muslims but indians are hindi.

a. symbolism

b. opinions

all of them

c. hidden messages

d. political statements

i'm not sure i completely understand your question, but i will do my best.

i think the answer you are looking for is sequence. (see below)

a repeated melodic fragment would be best defined as repetition, while repeated chords (different or the same) could be a chord progression. however, you then mentioned the chord and melodic fragment beginning on higher or lower pitches, in that case, the answer could be best defined as a sequence. the definition of a sequence is as follows: "the restatement of a motif or longer melodic (or harmonic) passage at a higher or lower pitch in the same voice."

let me know if this !