Before 1850, french horn and trumpet players would insert into their instruments to change the range of available pitches. a. crooksb. reedsc. mutesd. mouthpieces

c, d, e, f, g, a, b, and c.

sometimes western music will also use solfege. the names of these are do ra me fa sol la si (or ti) and do.

to indicate a note a half step higher or lower then the original note, you would say c # (for a half a step above c) or bb (for half a step below b)