of all the primary printmaking methods, which one allows the artist the greatest spontaniety and freedom?

Lithography

Explanation:

From all the printmaking techniques, lithography allows artists the most freedom and ability to make specific ideas come to life. The technique uses a smooth surface, such as metal or stone plates. Artist has complete freedom of applying ink to grease-treated images on these surfaces. This allows them to draw whatever they want, and make an image by freehand, in a manner which they choose. Using the principle of incompatibility of oil and water or ink, the image is printed on paper by the press and can be copied many times.