An is a monologue delivered primarily to the audience that other actors on stage do not hear. Audible sound
Action
Aside
Argument

Aside

Explanation:

When an actor thinks about something in a play, an "aside" is commonly used in order to express his thoughts. This means that the actor will share his thoughts to the audience (monologue) or address it to himself but let the audience her it (soliloquy), so that the audience will have a full grasp of what he is thinking. The thought is not meant to be heard by or addressed to the other actors on stage. It is also used to evoke humor, so that the audience will laugh at the actor's thoughts.

it's d, robert k merton. in 1994 he was awarded the national medal of science for his contributions to the field and for having founded the sociology of science.

.                                       sorry i just need points