How do I tell the difference between augmented, diminished, major and minor intervals in music theory?

In musical terms, augmented means the same as ‘stretched out’, while diminished can be thought of as ‘squeezed’. An augmented chord comprises notes that are spaced apart at wider intervals than those of a regular triad, while a diminished chord is so called because it features narrower intervals than the standard version, making it more compact.

Explanation: