1. According to the reading describe how counter-conditioning and desensitization are unusually used

They are usually used in combination. Desensitization provides a means of safely exposing the pet to the stimulus at a level at or below which fear is likely to be exhibited. Counter-conditioning is used to change the pet’s attitude or emotional response to a stimulus. Response substitution is a technique in which the pet is taught, using reinforcement-based techniques, to replace the undesirable behavior with one that is desirable.

C. she wanted to answer sexist rumors about her paintings.

They are discriminated against and made fun of for being foreign