In african savannas elephants are a keystone species. elephants eat small trees, such as acacia, that grow on the savanna. even if an acacia tree grows to a height of several feet, elephants are able to knock over the tree and uproot it. imagine a drastic decline the elephant population that live within the african savannas. what would be the inevitable result? a) the savanna would decline and evolve into a desert ecosystem. b) predators would replace the elephants as the keystone species. c) another large herbivore would immigrate and replace the elephant. d) the savanna would succumb to succession and evolve into a woodland.

The correct answer is option D, that is, the savanna would succumb to succession and evolve into a woodland.

Explanation:

The elephants are considered as the keystone species of Savannas in Africa. The tendency of the elephants to knock down the several feet high acacia trees for the purpose of feeding gives the Savannas its characteristics of a grassland. In case if the elephants get disappear then there will be an increase in the population of acacia trees and gradually the Savannas would get transformed to woodlands from grasslands. Thus, there will be a distraction of diversity in Savannas.

d.

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"1. it should be, it has been for about 20 years, and it's really not much different in the end than breeding animals to have particular traits. there are always concerns about genetically engineered animals/plants affecting the environment in unexpected negative ways, but i can't think of an example where the fears didn't turn out to be baseless.  

first, as you point out, it would be a great advance in pharmacology, to be able to tailor drugs and their doses to me. the pros involve better medical treatment. the cons involve privacy issues like insurance companies denying coverage to people with genetic risk factors. looking at dna markers wouldn't affect the frequency of genetic diseases, but it would allow detection of them earlier. and ok, actually i suppose that if people used this information to avoid having children with genetic diseases, some might decrease in frequency."