Occurs when soil/sediments shake due to an increase in pore water pressure. this increase in pore water pressure is caused by earthquake shaking or rapid loading.

The process is soil liquefaction.

Soil liquefaction happens when a soaked or halfway immersed soil significantly loses quality and firmness because of applied pressure, for example, shaking during an earthquake or other abrupt change in pressure condition, in which material that is usually strong carries on like a fluid.  

The wonder is regularly seen in soaked, free (low thickness or uncompact), sandy soils. This is on the grounds that free sand tends to pack when a heap is applied. Thick sands, on the other hand, will, in general, extend in volume or 'enlarge'.  

On the off chance that the dirt is immersed by water, a condition that regularly exists when the dirt is beneath the water table or ocean level, at that point water fills the holes between soil grains ('pore spaces').  

In light of soil packing, the pore water weight increments and the water endeavors to stream out from the dirt to zones of low weight (typically upward towards the ground surface).

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