What model can be used to trace genetic inheritance

There are three models which can be used to to trace genetic inheritance :

1) Punnet square : The Punnett square is a square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross.

2) Mendal inheritance : This is also used to study the inheritance by using different character.

3) Pedigree analysis: Pedigree Analysis is a tabular representation of a family history by taking a particular disease or character into consideration.

it has one origin of replication, but it proceeds in two directions - d)

i think the miocene epoch spans the time from 23 million to 12 million years ago.