In phylogenetic inference, an evolutionary novelty (or derived character) is referred to as

Solution:

In phylogenetic inference, an evolutionary novelty (or derived character) is referred to as Plesiomorphy

Relating to or denoting the process by which different kinds of living organisms are believed to have developed from earlier forms during the history of the earth.

Thus this is the required answer.

In phylogenetic inference, an evolutionary novelty (or derived character) is referred to as apomorphy. Apomorphy is any character, state or trait novel to a species and its descendants. An apomorphy occurs when a taxon is selected to have a particular trait.

well first you need the sample of the temperature and gas level. i couldnt write a hypothesis unless i had some data. i think temperature changes will effect volumes of gas because gas changed into a solid or liquid at specific temperatures.