How are the production of epidermal cells relate to the development of calluses and corns?

The calluses and corns are the hardened and thick layers of skin, which originate when the skin attempts to safeguard itself against the pressure and friction. They primarily develop on the toes and feet or on fingers and hands. The corns and calluses can be unsightly.  

The major causes of the generation of corns and calluses are the pressure and friction arising due to wearing ill-fitting shoes, skipping socks, and using hand tools or playing instruments. Thus, it can be said that the formation of calluses and corns takes place when the production of epidermal cells increases.  

kelp are large brown algae that live in cool, relatively shallow waters close to the shore. they grow in dense groupings much like a forest on land. these underwater towers of kelp provide food and shelter for thousands of fish, invertebrates, and marine mammal species.

e) all of the above

just finished the test, the answer is d, greg is the least cost-effective because he charges the most for the project