Match the prokaryotic cell structures to the characteristic of life. word bank: nucleoid; cell wall; flagellum (plural: flagella); pilus (plural; pili); ribosomes; cytoplasm a. reproduction: exchanging genetic material in process of conjugation b. reproduction: dna ensures that future generations will be similar to parents c. maintaining homeostasis: protein is needed for enzymes and repairing structures d. homeostasis: taking an antibiotic, such as penicillin, creates holes in the cell wall of some bacteria, so they lose water and die e. responding to stimuli: move away from a less hospitable environment or towards a more hospitable environment f. homeostasis: using energy, all chemical reactions are performed in the cytoplasm

1. Nucleoid: Prokaryotes do not have well defined nucleus. Instead, naked DNA or genetic material is found in the these cells which keeps floating freely in the region of cytoplasm called as mucleoid (nucleus-like). DNA carries the genetic information required for growth, development, metabolic activities and reproduction.

Hence, it must match with b. reproduction: DNA ensures that future generations will be similar to parents

2. Cell wall: Cell wall is the outermost layer surrounding the plasma membrane. It is composed of polysaccharides and is found in bacteria, fungi, and plant cells. In bacteria, it is generally composed of peptidoglycans. Antibiotic such as penicillin acts on the cell wall and creates pores in it which kills the bacteria.

Hence, it can be correctly matched with d. homeostasis: taking an antibiotic, such as penicillin, creates holes in the cell wall of some bacteria, so they lose water and die

3. Flagellum: It is a thread or hair like structure which serves the purpose of locomotion in the cells specially in bacteria, protozoa, spermatozoa etc. In bacteria, it helps in moving in the direction of food and moving away from inhospitable environment.

Hence, it can be correctly matched with e. responding to stimuli: move away from a less hospitable environment or towards a more hospitable environment.

4. Pilus: It is a hair like but rigid structure that protrude from the cell surface of the bacteria. It helps in the process of conjugation by forming a conncetion between cell surface of two bacteria.

Hence, it can be correctly matched with a. reproduction: exchanging genetic material in process of conjugation

5. Ribosomes: Ribosomes serve as the site of protein synthesis in the cell. Bacterial ribosomes are composed of two sub-units with sedimentary constant of 50S and 30S.

Hence, it can be correctly matched with c. maintaining homeostasis: protein is needed for enzymes and repairing structures

6. Cytoplasm: It is gel like material found within the cell (excluding nucleus in case of eukaryotes). All the metabolic activities of the cell generally take place in the cytoplasm of the cell.

Hence, it can be correctly matched with f. homeostasis: using energy, all chemical reactions are performed in the cytoplasm

d. in sexual reproduction, offspring have more chromosomes than

either parent.

asexual reproduction results in offspring which are genetically the same as the parent organism (not counting a rare mutation). sexual reproduction produces a random mixture of the genetics derived from both parents

explanation: