What prevents the na+ and k+ gradients from dissipating? a. h+-k+ atpase b. na+ and k+ leaks c. na+ cotransporter d. na+-k+ atpase

I’m doing some practice exam questions for biology, and i’m not sure how to do these 3 parts to the question.

Consider the following planned experiment. factor experimental group control group light exposure tots of sun tots of sun amount of water weekly weekly type of soil nutrient rich nutrient rich size of pot large which variable is being tested in this experiment? small a. size of pot b. type of soil c. light exposure d. amount of water

Explain how light energy is turned into chemical energy? ! due tomorrow!