In sexual reproduction do parent cells need to be diploid?

According to the diagram, what sources contribute to the phosphorus found in soil? according to the diagram, phosphorus found in soil contributes phosphorus to what other sources? (site 1)

The movement of tectonic plates in two different locations is shown below: two blocks labeled location a and location b are shown. at location a the top layer of the block shows two horizontal arrows pointing towards each other. small dunes are shown in the middle between the two arrows. the block labeled b has a vertical line in the middle. on the left of the line there is an arrow pointing down. on the right of the vertical line there is an arrow pointing up which statement is most likely true? subduction may occur in both locations. earthquakes may occur in both locations. subduction may occur in location a only and a volcanic eruption may occur in location b only. an earthquake may occur in location a only and a volcanic eruption may occur in location b only.

According to theories of how life began, how did early organic molecules begin to separate from the outside world? a: specialized enzymes were required b: chains of amino acids created a barrier c: formation of microspheres or vesicles d: rna catalyzed the formation of membranes