Purple flowers are dominate over white flowers. a heterozygous purple flower is crossed with another heterozygous purple flower. the ratio of purple flower to white would be

3:1

because if you make a table you see that three boxes have an uppercase while only one has the lowercase letter making it 3:1

   3:1

Explanation:

According to Mendel’s law of inheritance, in a monohybrid cross, dominant allele appears phenotypically in the F1 generation and on crossing between F1 hybrids, the ratio of dominant to recessive will be 3:1. Thus in the given question when the dominant purple flower is crossed with recessive white flower, the ratio of purple flower to white would be 3:1.  

kelp are large brown algae that live in cool, relatively shallow waters close to the shore. they grow in dense groupings much like a forest on land. these underwater towers of kelp provide food and shelter for thousands of fish, invertebrates, and marine mammal species.

e) all of the above