Name and describe the main parts of a typical virus.

Most viruses consist of four parts. the core, the capsid, the matrix, and the envelope. The core is located in the center of the virus and contains the virus’ dna or rna wrapped together with some proteins. The capsid is made of protein and forms a shell around the core. The matrix forms a layer between the capsid and the envelope, while the envelope consists of lipids stolen from the cell membrane of the host cell that the virus is growing in. The envelope also contains proteins.

the solute can move "downhill," from regions of higher to lower concentration, relying on the specificity of the protein carrier to pass through the membrane. this process is called passive transport or facilitated diffusion, and does not require energy.