Describe the process of nociception using the four phases of

Nociception can be described as a response to harmful or potentially harmful stimuli (chemical, mechanical, thermal).  It includes four stages:

1.Transduction or  first phase: A noxious stimulus occurs (injury, burn, incision) and it is transformed into a electrical signal that can be carried via transmission.

2. Transmission or the 2nd phase: the pain signal travels to the central nervous system, first to  the spinal cord than to the brain.  

3. Perception or the 3rd phase: occurs in the cerebral cortex where the perception of pain is generated (the conscious awareness of a painful sensation).

4. Modulation-last phase: pain message is usually inhibited through this phase.

you must remain stopped until the stop signal is retracted and the red lights are turned off. approaching traffic in the opposite roadway of a divided highway shall not be required to stop, even if the school bus has the stop-arm extended and the alternately flashing warning signal lamps on.

endo:

regulates body hormones, aldosterone, vasopressin

neural:

signal, regulates body using electric signals, reflex

endo has to do with hormones; aldosterone and vasopressin are both hormones. i also had this question and got it right : d