How does a noncompetitive inhibitor decrease the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction? a) by binding to the active site of the enzyme, thus preventing binding of the normal substrateb) by binding to an allosteric site, thus changing the shape of the active site of the enzymec) by decreasing the free-energy change of the reaction catalyzed by theenzymed) by binding to the substrate, thus changing its shape so that it no longerbinds to the active site of the enzyme

A noncompetitive inhibitor is a type of regulator that binds in a site other than the active site on an enzyme. The active site is the site of the enzyme that binds to its substrate.

In conclusion, a noncompetitive inhibitor binds to an allosteric site, changing the shape of the active site of the enzyme (Option B).

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fertilization, pictured in figure 24.23a is the process in which gametes (an egg and sperm) fuse to form a zygote. the egg and sperm each contain one set of chromosomes. to ensure that the offspring has only one complete diploid set of chromosomes, only one sperm must fuse with one egg. in mammals, the egg is protected by a layer of extracellular matrix consisting mainly of glycoproteins called the zona pellucida. when a sperm binds to the zona pellucida, a series of biochemical events, called the acrosomal reactions, take place. in placental mammals, the acrosome contains digestive enzymes that initiate the degradation of the glycoprotein matrix protecting the egg and allowing the sperm plasma membrane to fuse with the egg plasma membrane, as illustrated in figure 24.23b. the fusion of these two membranes creates an opening through which the sperm nucleus is transferred into the ovum. the nuclear membranes of the egg and sperm break down and the two haploid genomes condense to form a diploid genome.

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