The diagram represents solar energy that is absorbed by earth's land and water surfaces and is changed into heat that radiates back into the atmosphere what is the process called

Without providing the diagram please find my answer below:

Answer: thermal radiation

Part of the solar energy reaching our planet is reflected back into space. However, the rest is absorbed by the land masses and oceans thus heating the Earth. However, this heat also causes chemical reactions that in turn give off heat themselves, as a by-product. This heat is released into the atmosphere through the process known as thermal radiation.