Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes containing genes that code for

a. dna
b. sex
c. the same traits
d. different traits

The correct answer is: c. the same traits

Homologous chromosomes come in pair: one inherited from the mother and one inherited from the father. They have the same genes in the same loci, meaning that those genes code for the same traits. But, variants of those genes-alleles can be different e.g. one recessive one dominant). During the meiosis (cell division of gametes) homologous chromosomes align correctly with each other before separation.