Desert plants have needles instead of leaves to prevent loss and discourage animals from eating the plants.

Water.

Explanation:

Bigger leaves will lead to more transpiration is the high temperatures of the desert.

i believe it would cause an increase of percipitation, though i could be wrong. so i would say b is the answer.

ecological efficiency: % of usable energy transferred as

biomass from one trophic level to the next typical is 10% efficient (90% of

energy is lost),is diagramed as the pyramid of energy flow. then osprey eagle

are tertiary consumer and the shrimp are primary consumer, so to balance

mass of shrimp (1/0.1) / 0.1 = 100 kg