From 1984 to 2012, the wing length of cliff swallows in the general population generally . 2. during the same time period, the wing length of cliff swallows killed on the roads generally . 3. in most years where data was collected, the wings of cliff swallows killed on the roads were than the wings of swallows found in the population at large. 4. shorter wings allow cliff swallows to take off from the ground more vertically, enabling them to better avoid oncoming cars. as a result, cliff swallows in populations near highways with wings have a survival advantage. 5. the data suggest that, over time, resulted in the evolution of shorter wings in the cliff swallow population. 6. shorter wings are a(n) in this population. alleles for shorter wings were in the general population.

Over the past 60 years, many amphibian species have experienced significant population declines and some species have become extinct. scientists suspected that local human activities such as the destruction of wetlands, regional pollution, and deforestation were the main reasons for these losses. however, research over the past 20 years reveals significant amphibian population declines in protected areas of the world, such as nature preserves and parks. these global declines suggest widespread problems including increased ultraviolet radiation, acid rain, and disease. in switzerland, for example, 14 of the 20 native amphibian species are threatened with extinction. chytridiomycosis is a fungal disease first identified in 1998 as a cause of massive amphibian deaths. in some severely impacted populations, a few individuals have survived, perhaps because of some natural resistance. if these resistant individuals continue to survive and prosper, new resistant populations might emerge. this would be an example of the founder effect artificial selection genetic drift natural selection sexual selection

Food contains a sugar called ( ), which is broken down in a process called cellular ( ). this process uses ( ) to break down food molecules and provide energy for cells. fill in the parentheses

What's wrong with this ecological pyramid? (multiple choice)1. secondary consumers should be at the bottom of the pyramid2. the sun has an arrow leading to decomposers 3. primary consumers should come after the sun4. energy retained should increase from the bottom to the top5. the sun should be at the bottom of the pyramid