Forty mothers have taken the suspected drug during their pregnancies. of these mothers, 35 have delivered malformed infants. in addition, 10 other infants are born with malformations. the number of individuals who both did not take the drug and did not give birth to infants who were malformed was:

the father in the first generation probably had the recessive colorblind trait in his x chromosome. if he and his wife both had the colorblind trait, even if she had 1 recessive and 1 dominant, then that trait would be passed on to their kids.

(since you didn't attach the family tree this is just an assumption)

i think its y= -4x-14

only about ten percent of the energy at one trophic level is passed on to organisms at the next trophic level. the remainder of the energy is used in life processes or lost as heat.