Atypical human cell is approximately 12.00 μm in diameter and enclosed by a membrane that is 5.000 nm thick. (a) what is the volume of the cell including the membrane? (b) what is the volume of the cell membrane? (c) what percent of the total volume does its membrane occupy? to simplify the calculations, model the cell as a sphere. enter your answers using four significant figures.

1) Volume of cell including the membrane = 9.07 * 10¹¹ nm³

2) Volume of cell membrane = 0.02 * 10¹¹ nm³

3) Percentage of total volume occupied by cell membrane = 0.22 %

Given data :

Diameter of human cell = 12.00 μm = 12,000 nm    i.e. radius = 6000 nm

thickness of membrane enclosing the human cell = 5.00 nm

∴ Total diameter of cell including membrane = 12,000 + ( 5 * 2 ) = 12010 nm

A) Determine the volume of the cell including the membrane

volume of cell ( sphere ) =  ----- ( 1 )

where :  r = 12010 / 2 = 6005 nm

back to equation ( 1 )

 = 9.07 * 10¹¹ nm³

B) Determine the volume of the cell membrane

(volume of cell and membrane ) -  ( volume of cell only )

= 9.07 * 10¹¹ nm³ - [ 4/3 * π * 6000³ ]

= ( 9.07 * 10¹¹ ) - ( 9.05 * 10¹¹ )

= 0.02 * 10¹¹ nm³

C) The percentage of total volume occupied by membrane

( volume of membrane / total volume of cell including membrane ) * 100

= [ 0.02 * 10¹¹  / 9.07 * 10¹¹ ] * 100

= 0.22%

Hence we can conclude that ;  Volume of cell including the membrane = 9.07 * 10¹¹ nm³,  Volume of cell membrane = 0.02 * 10¹¹ nm³ , Percentage of total volume occupied by cell membrane = 0.22  %.

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a)

b)

c) %

Explanation:

We know that 1 nm is equal to μm

Given,

a) Radius of human cell

μm

b) Thickness of cell membrane

nm μm

c) Radius of human cell including the thickness of cell membrane

μm

a) Volume of the cell including the membrane

cubic μm

b) Volume of the cell membrane

Volume of cell without membrane

cubic μm

Volume of cell membrane only is equal to

cubic μm

b) What percent of the total volume does its membrane occupy

The percent of the total volume occupied by  its membrane is equal to

%

water is a polar molecule. a chemical bond is a force of attraction between atoms or ions. bonds form when atoms share or transfer valence electrons. atoms form chemical bonds to achieve a full outer energy level, which is the most stable arrangement of electrons. so, false

explanation:

in h2o molecule, two water molecules are bonded by a hydrogen bond but the bond between two h - o bonds within a water molecule are covalent. the greater the electronegativity difference, the more ionic the bond is. bonds that are partly ionic are called polar covalent bonds. nonpolar covalent bonds, with equal sharing of the bond electrons, arise when the electronegativities of the two atoms are equal.

i thinking chemical change