5. what is the critical distinction between allopolyploidy and autopolyploidy?
a. allopolyploidy involves disruptive selection but autopolyploidy does not.
b. autopolyploidy involves disruptive selection but autopolyploidy does not.
c. if speciation is allopatric rather than sympatric, the mode of speciation is allopolyploidy; if speciation is sympatric rather than allopatric, the mode of speciation is autopolyploidy.
d. in autopolyploidy, one parental species contributes to the polyploidy; in allopolyploidy, two parental species contribute to the polyploidy.
e. in allopolyploidy, one parental species contributes to the polyploidy; in autopolyploidy, two parental species contribute to the polyploidy.

D. In autopolyploidy, one parental species contributes to the polyploidy; in allopolyploidy, two parental species contribute to the polyploidy.

Explanation:

Autopolyploidy is the polyploidy that arises when the organisms have more than two complete sets of the same genome. For example, if a diploid species is represented as "AA", its autopolyploid with four complete sets of the genome can be represented as "".

On the other hand, allopolyploidy occurs when the polyploid carries more than two complete sets of the genome from separate species. For example, if two diploid species are represented as "AA" and "BB", their allopolyploid with four complete sets of the genome can be represented as "AABB".

the diploid number of chromosomes is sometimes represented by the symbol 2n. for the fruit fly, the diploid number is 8, which can be written as 2n = 8, where n represents twice the number of chromosomes in a sperm or egg cell.