In which way are the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic system similar? (a) both utilize two neurons per message.(b) in both, the preganglionic neuron is shorter than the postganglionic neuron.(c) both use norepinephrine as their neurotransmitter.(d) both arise from the sacral spinal nerves.(e) both are associated with the relaxed state (rest-and-digest).

(A) Both utilize two neurons per message.

Explanation:

Both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system have two motor neurons present in a series for a message. The first neuron is known as preganglionic neuron and the second neuron is a postganglionic neuron.

The cell body of a preganglionic neuron is embedded in the CNS and its myelinated axon run from CNS to the specific autonomic ganglion. The cell body of a postganglionic neuron is located in this autonomic ganglion only to synapse with preganglionic neuron.

a and b