Breakage–fusion–bridge (bfb) cycles may drive tumorigenesis by select one:
a. shortening telomeric dna.
b. driving cellular proliferation.
c. promoting telomere instability.
d. providing a means for cells to acquire additional mutations.
e. increasing expression levels of htert.

-Option (d).

Explanation:

BFB (breakage-fusion-bridge) cycle can be defined as a mechanism associated with chromosomal disabilities. The breakage-fusion-bridge cycles are associated with tumorigenesis as it induces chromosomal abnormalities in cells.

It starts with breakdown of chromosomal end region (telomere). When that chromosome goes for replication, daughter chromatids formed by it lack telomere.

During anaphase, fused chromosomes get separated and each daughter cell gets a chromosome without telomere. These mutated daughter cells replicate again and as this process rerun, it can lead to accumulation of chromosomal instability and tumor formation.

Thus, the correct answer is option (D).

(d).

Explanation:

Just cross bye chooing, (B/S). in . (d).

an organism's phenotype is the  form of a trait  that it  displays. for  flowercolor, a pea  plant  can  display  a phenotype of purple or white flowers. an organism's  genotype  is the alleles of a gene it contains. based on his data, mendel concluded that a phenotype can be  determined  by more than one  genotype.