When the ribosome reaches a nonsense codon, which of the following occurs?
a methionine is incorporated
the polypeptide is released
a peptide bond forms
the a site binds to a charged trna

The correct answer will be option-the polypeptide is released.

Explanation:

The non-sense codons are the codons which do not have any t-RNA thus do not code for any amino acids and leads to the termination of the translation.

The main non-sense codons are UGA, UAA and UAG which when read by the ribosome terminates the process of translation as these codons do not have the t-RNA due to which the ribosome releases the polypeptide from the E-site of the ribosome and terminates the process.

Thus, the option-the polypeptide is released is the correct answer.

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the last one: artificial selection/genetic engineering

plant breeding is modifying the genetic composition of the plant - but this isn't cloning (which is specifically introducing a gene into a genome). but you are artificially selecting for the phenotype that you want.

the second one is literally genetic engineering - the gene would have been cloned first and then inserted or genetically engineered into the new plant cell (the cotton).