in a freshwater lake, a population of bony fish called the stickleback were studied over several decades. the presence of armor plating over the bodies of the males was noted. the data is shown below. what explains the trend shown in the data for the freshwater sticklebacks?
a) armor-plating offered a protection from predation, therefore the presence of armor-plating increased in frequency.
b) partially plated males were the preferred mating partner with female sticklebacks, causing an increase in partial armor frequency.
c) armor-plated males were more efficient at migrating to salt water areas for reproduction, resulting in armor-plating increasing in frequency.
d) armor-plated males were slower at acquiring food compared to the non-armored phenotypes, resulting in non-armored males to increase in frequency.

emerald ash borer

the emerald ash borer is a green buprestid or jewel beetle native to north-eastern asia that feeds on ash species. females lay eggs in bark crevices on ash trees, and larvae feed underneath the bark of ash trees to emerge as adults in one to two years. hope this !

tsd is temerature dependent sex determination.

tsd: it is a type of environmental sex determination in which the temperature experienced during embryonic/ larval development (ambient temperature for development) determine the sex of the offspring.

crocodile displays the tsd where the ambient temperature of the developing egg determines the individual's sex. for example in the american alligator's eggs, incubation at 33 ºc produces mostly males, while incubation at 30 ºc produces mostly females. so if the american alligator's egg will get the ambient temperature (33 degree celcius)during embryonic development from egg, the offspring will be male and same for the female sex determination.