Photosynthesis is composed of two main parts (light-dependent and light-independent). these reactions occur in different
structures of the chloroplast. what is the term that best describes light independent reactions and where does it occur at?

The independent reactions of light can be called dark phase and chemical phase. This phase occurs in the chloroplast stroma.

Explanation:

The Dark Phase is also called the chemical phase and the light independent phase. But, despite receiving these names, it is a phase of photosynthesis that indirectly depends on light. So it happens, therefore, for the Calvin cycle to occur, the chloroplast needs the products released at the end of the clear phase of photosynthesis: ATP and NADPH.

So, don't get confused: the dark phase does not occur without the presence of light, such as during the night. Since ATP and NADPH are very unstable, the dark phase must occur concurrently with the light phase.

During the independent phase of light or chemistry, which happens in the chloroplast stroma, the process that we call carbon fixation will take place. In fixing the carbon, the carbon present in the carbon dioxide molecule (which was captured by the plant's stomata, in the case of the kingdom plants) will be reorganized to form energetic organic molecules, whose bases are carbon chains, such as glucose.