As sarah approaches middle adulthood, she maintains a diet high in calcium and exercise because she is concerned about her risk for
a. diabetes
b. rheumatoid arthritis
c. osteoporosis
d. gallbladder disease

c. Osteoporosis

Explanation:

Osteoporosis -

It is the disease which weakens the bone and increases the chances of bone braking .

Osteoporosis is one of the most common reason for a broken bone during old age . The most common bone affected by this are the , spine , hip , forearm .

hence , from the question , Sarah is maintaining a good diet with high calcium concentration and working out , to maintain her bones and avoid the problem of Osteoporosis .

c genetic engineering

it has to be understood that the sea water contains a huge amount of sodium and chlorine ions and if they enter the cell of the atlantic cod fish, the cell will shrivel and the fish will die. to avoid such a condition, the fish uses active transport for the purpose of removing the ions against the gradient.

explanation:

the atlantic cod is not a maritime osmoconformer. its native application of salts is less than that of the seawater it lives in. it is continually falling water from the gills to the ocean via osmosis.

countering that, the fish is going to be swallowing seawater. but since its internal collection of salts is lower than seawater, the fish will want to go free of excess salt, and since that's going upon a gradient, then active transport, requiring energy, must be used to pump out the salt. much marine fish use the organs to filter out the salt and these fish discharge very straight urine.