Vlad spent 20 minutes on his history homework and then completely solved x math problems that each took 2 minutes to complete. what is the equation that can be used to find the value of y, the total time that vlad spent on his homework, and what are the constraints on the values of x and y?

answer: 2x

explanation: time spent by vlad on his history homework is equal to 20 minutes. total amount of math problem is equal to x and it took vlad to complete a single problem in 2 minutes. the total amount of time taken to complete x problem is 2x.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.