How are the equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?

The equation of the photosynthesis becomes reverse in the cellular respiration. In both process the reactants and products are altered.

Photosynthesis is the light harvesting process. Here the plants use water, carbon dioxide, light as raw material to produce glucose, energy and oxygen. This process occurs in the chloroplast of the leaves. In this reaction the products are oxygen and glucose.

In cellular respiration, the byproduct of photosynthesis i.e. glucose is oxidised to release energy and carbon dioxide, along with the ATP molecules. This reaction is the reverse reaction of the photosynthesis.

In cellular respiration the product of the photosynthesis becomes becomes reactant.  

The cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and involves many steps to release energy. The various cellular respirations are glycolysis, kreb's cycle, electron transport chains, etc.

the answer that best describes the relative refractory period in the neuron is the resting membrane potential is restored, but concentrations of sodium and potassium are not restored to their original state.

the refractory period is the time during which another stimulus given to the neuron will not lead to a second potential. thus, because na+ channels are inactivated during this time, additional depolarizing stimuli do not lead to new action potentials.  

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correct answer is option a.

tropopause, stratopause and mesopause have all in common aspect that is point of maximum temperature in its layer of the atmosphere. all layers of atmosphere observe abrupt change in temperature. tropopause is the boundary between troposphere and stratosphere. stratopause is the boundary between stratosphere and mesosphere. mesopause is the boundary between mesosphere and thermosphere. these all boundaries are ranges between altitude of 0 to 80 km.