the sun is just one of about 100 billion stars in the milky way, all ranging in size, distance from earth, and color. information about three major stars is presented in this table. based on the data, what conclusion can be drawn?

a) of the stars listed, proxima centauri and barnard's star appear red because they burn the hottest.

b) as seen from earth, the sun is the brightest star on the chart, and barnard's star is the dimmest.

c) small dwarf stars, like proxima centauri and barnard's star, do not burn as hot as medium dwarfs.

d) proxima centauri and barnard's star are the closest because they are classified as "small dwarfs."
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B) As seen from Earth, the Sun is the brightest star on the chart, and Barnard's Star is the dimmest

Explanation:

Among the given choices:

A) Of the stars listed, Proxima Centauri and Barnard's Star appear red because they burn the hottest.

This is not the correct answer because temperature of Barnard's star is 5000° F which is lowest in the data.

C) Small dwarf stars, like Proxima Centauri and Barnard's Star, do not burn as hot as medium dwarfs.

Proxima centauri being a small dwarf has a higher temperature than sun which is a medium dwarf.This shows that small dwarfs can burn hotter than medium dwarfs. So this option is not suitable.

D) Proxima Centauri and Barnard's Star are the closest because they are classified as "small dwarfs."

This is not correct choice because the data clearly states they are at greater distance.

So ,the correct choice is:

B) As seen from Earth, the Sun is the brightest star on the chart, and Barnard's Star is the dimmest.

Because: Sun is closest to the Earth and thus will appear the brightest as maximum light  from it Reaches the Earth. Barnard's star is Farthest so less light reaches the Earth from it and it appears the dimmest.

explanation:

the universal gravitation equation. since the gravitational force is directly proportional to the mass of both interacting objects, more massive objects will attract each other with a greater gravitational force. if the mass of one of the objects is doubled, then the force of gravity between them is doubled.